Remaining issues include timing of when control of the border be returned to Kyiv (Zelenskiy: before elections in Donbas Putin: after elections), changes to the Ukrainian constitution (special status granted to Donbas) an amnesty for everyone involved in the conflict and the details of the Steinmeier Formula, the mechanism to deescalate the fighting. In 2020, there was a possibility that some sort of peace deal could be reached with Russia. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy secured a ceasefire and an expanded no-contact zone at the Normandy Four meeting in December 2019. At the heart of this effort are Taras Kozak and Oleh Voloshyn, two current Ukrainian Members of Parliament from the party led by Victor Medvedchuk. Russia has directed its intelligence services to recruit current and former Ukrainian government officials to prepare to take over the government of Ukraine and to control Ukraine’s critical infrastructure with an occupying Russian force. Goals of the plan included destabilizing the political situation in Ukraine and laying the groundwork for creating a new, Russian-controlled government in Ukraine. This included identifying and co-opting pro-Russian individuals in Ukraine and undermining prominent Ukrainians viewed as pro-Western, who would stand in the way of Russian efforts to bring Ukraine within its control. In 2020, Kremlin officials launched a comprehensive information operation plan designed in part to degrade the ability of the Ukrainian state to function independently and without Russian interference.
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